The oldest method of biometric techniques which has been successfully used in numerous applications. A fingerprint is made of a series of ridges and furrows on the surface of the finger. The uniqueness of a fingerprint can be determined by the pattern of ridges and furrows as well as the minutiae points. Minutiae points are local ridge characteristics that occur at either a ridge bifurcation or a ridge ending.
Commercial applications of fingerprint identification system include access control, time and attendance and computer log on authentication.